建筑材料防火测试未能正确评估风险

建筑材料防火测试未能正确评估风险

Grenfell Tower大火建议后进行的一项研究表明，标准的英国建筑材料防火安全测试无法正确评估风险。

保险业专家的研究表明，英国标准协会测试中的模拟并未考虑“现实世界”的情况。

在Grenfell灾难发生后，政府使用该测试来检查建筑物上的易燃包层

部长们表示他们致力于改善安全标准。

该研究由英国保险协会委托进行，由消防协会执行。两个组织现在都要求对测试进行审查。

ABI表示，测试结果已经提交给了Judith Hackitt女士对建筑法规和消防安全的审查，这是在去年6月伦敦西部北肯辛顿塔楼发生火灾后建立的。

实验室安全超标

研究表明，现实生活中的火灾可能比安全检查中的火灾更热，传播更快，持续时间更长。

BSI测试BS8414涉及使用木柴将灯光设置为L形的墙壁部分，并允许建筑师展示包括包层和绝缘的设计是安全的。

研究人员发现用塑料替换了五分之一用于起火的木材 - 其中涉及许多火焰 - 将温度提高了100℃。

FPA表示，测试假设包层用作制造商的预期，但它们通常会被通风孔或管道刺穿。

它补充说，真正的建筑物的外墙在设计上或由于工艺差而有缺口。当在测试中模拟氧气时，氧气燃烧了火焰，最终扩散了整个试验台。

在一个例子中，火焰仍然在增加，并且由于超出了实验室安全条件，它们必须被熄灭。

这项研究是在警方对Grenfell大厦的一扇门进行调查后发现它只能承受15分钟的大火 - 而不是它所设计的30分钟。

基本改革去年6月14日，24层楼的共有71名居民在火灾中丧生。

FPA董事总经理乔纳森奥尼尔表示，其测试“证实了消防行业许多人长期关注的问题，即目前的包层测试标准需要进行紧急审查”。

ABI总干事休·埃文斯表示，他们“更多的证据表明需要进行根本性的改革，以保证我们的住宅和商业场所免受火灾”。

他补充说：“我们必须制定正确的测试制度，以正确复制现实世界的条件，并与建筑创新和现代设计保持同步，这是一个紧迫的问题。”

住房，社区和地方政府发言人说：“我们与英国标准协会密切合作，他们随时准备将这些调查结果提交给他们的专家技术委员会，他们将对此进行相应的审查。”

The standard UK fire safety test of building materials fails to properly assess risk, a study conducted after the Grenfell Tower blaze has suggested.

Research for insurance industry experts says the simulations in the British Standards Institution (BSI) test does not factor in "real world" conditions.

The government used the test to examine flammable cladding on buildings after the Grenfell disaster.

Ministers said they were committed to seeing safety standards improved.

The study was commissioned by the Association of British Insurers (ABI) and carried out by the Fire Protection Association (FPA). Both organisations are now calling for a review of the tests.

The ABI says the findings of its test have been given to Dame Judith Hackitt's review into building regulations and fire safety, which was set up after the fire at the tower block in North Kensington, west London, last June.

Lab safety exceededThe research suggests real-life fires could burn hotter, spread faster and last longer than those in the safety checks.

BSI test BS8414 involves using a wood fire to set light to an L-shaped section of wall and allows architects to show a design including cladding and insulation is safe.

Researchers found replacing a fifth of the wood used to start the fire with plastic - which is involved in many blazes - increased the temperature by 100C.

The FPA said the tests assume the cladding is used as the manufacturer intended, but they will often be pierced by vents or ducts.

It added that real buildings have gaps in their facades either by design or because of poor workmanship. When this was simulated in the tests oxygen fuelled the flames, which eventually spread up the entire test rig.

In one instance the flames were still increasing and they had to be extinguished because lab safety conditions were exceeded.

The study comes after a police investigation on a door from Grenfell Tower discovered it could only withstand a blaze for 15 minutes - not the 30 for which it was designed.

Fundamental reformA total of 71 residents of the 24-storey block died in the fire on 14 June last year.

Jonathan O'Neill, managing director of the FPA, said its tests "confirm long-held concerns by many in the fire sector that the current cladding test standard requires urgent review".

Huw Evans, director general of the ABI, said they were "yet more evidence that fundamental reform is needed to keep our homes and commercial premises safe from fire".

He added: "It is a matter of urgency that we create the right testing regime that properly replicates real-world conditions and keeps pace with building innovation and modern design."

A spokesman for the Ministry of Housing, Communities and Local Government said: "We work closely with the British Standards Institution and they stand ready to present these findings to their expert technical committee who will review this accordingly."

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